How is vertigo diagnosed?

Vertigo is typically diagnosed through patient history, physical examination, and possibly laboratory tests. A healthcare provider will ask about the nature, duration, and triggering factors of the dizziness. They may perform a series of head and body movements, such as the Dix-Hallpike test, to observe the symptoms and check for nystagmus (abnormal eye movements). Additional tests like hearing exams, blood pressure measurement, and neurological tests may be conducted to identify the underlying cause. In some cases, further diagnostic tools like MRI or CT scans, vestibular testing (e.g., VNG or ENG), or audiometric tests might be used to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis. The exact approach can vary depending on the individual’s symptoms and medical history.